Title_  Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption, CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth in a Developing Country: Empirical Evidence from Kazakhstan 

Author_ Bolor-Erdene Turmunkh

Pages 106-121

Abstract_ The engagement of developing countries is an increasingly important part of addressing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission-driven climate change. As such, understanding the pat- terns of energy use, GHG emissions and economic growth in developing countries is vital. The major Central Asian country of Kazakhstan is important in this respect due to its size, rapid growth and extensive energy reserves. It has experienced rapid growth in its economy, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in recent years. This study examines the relationships between non-renewable and renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in Kazakhstan, using 1990–2014 data from the World Development Indicators (WDI). It performs tests to verifying the existence of the long run relationships among the variables, and examines short and long run causal relationships. It finds that in- creased fossil fuel use is the main cause of increased CO2 emissions. 

Keywords_ Carbon emissions, Economic growth, Environment, Renewable energy, Kazakhstan